Oppression From Male Dominance Essays - The Awakening, Edna

Oppression From Male Dominance ENC1102-Currin Paper #3 Oppression from Male Dominance The Awakening by Kate Chopin is a novel that focuses on a female heroine. Unlike many female heroines, Edna Pontellier does not allow her life to be surrounded by male control. Many novels of this time allow a female to be the main character but ultimately the men that surround her decide upon her fate. Rebecca Dickson wrote ?With Mrs. Pontellier, Chopin rejects assessing women according to their sexual status (38).? Chopin's novel focuses on the ?awakening? of Edna Pontellier from oppression from male dominance. Edna Pontellier was a victim of male dominance from an early age. Her father, a colonel, was the head of her household throughout childhood. It is obvious that he made a majority of the decisions for Edna and her mother. As a child, Edna was unable to visualize a life without this oppression. It was normal, a way of life. Edna's ?awakening? begins in her early adulthood. When she decides to marry Leonce, her father disapproves. By marrying Leonce against his wishes, she begins to break from this oppression. Little does she know that this is only a taste of what is yet to come. Edna is able to settle with Mr. Pontellier for a while before her need for freedom strikes again. She lets Leonce work while she had the children and maintains the household. While on vacation for the summer, she starts to ?awaken? again. She begins to stop following her husband's orders. For example, Edna refuses to come inside when Leonce asks her to. He gives many reasons for her to come inside (temperature, insects) but she kindly refuses. Then, when he decides to join her outside, she goes into the house (30-31). ?Edna began to feel like one who awakens gradually out of a dream, a delicious, grotesque, impossible dream, to feel again the realities pressing into her soul (31-32).? Chopin uses this passage to convey how Edna is feeling. She is getting a second taste of breaking from this male dominance oppression that surrounds her. The reader is left with the impression that Edna now understands what she wants. This ?awakening? is the initial clue given to the reader that the men that surround her will no longer oppress Edna. Once the summer comes to a close, Edna's ?awakening? is in full bloom. She liberates herself financially by starting to paint. Leonce sees this change in her behavior but knows that there is nothing he can do to change it. When he leaves for business, Edna goes so far as to move out of their house. She informs Leonce in letter which does not ask for his permission, but simply states what her plans are and that he can be sure that she will follow through with them. The oppression that she once felt form her husband is now shattered. She has stepped up toward liberation from his male dominance, which has now controlled her life for so many years. Barbara C. Ewell wrote ?Edna's central insistence on her ?own way? exposes intolerable constrictions on southern places for women (35).? As Edna is breaking away from the male control of her husband, she is also entering the possibility of more male dominance from Robert. As she is also setting herself up for the possibility that the whole cycle may repeat. While Robert is gone, Edna is able to keep breaking away from male dominance by wanting to be with him. She fantasizes how she could be with Robert and not her husband, which draws into the central part of the story, her ?awakening? from this oppression. When Robert returns, though, she makes it quite known that he will not control her either. Edna and Robert are talking in their second meeting (at the coffee house) about why Robert never made any effort to see or write Edna. His justification is that she is still ?owned? by Leonce. She makes him aware of her new found liberation by stating, ?You have been a very, very foolish boy, wasting your time dreaming of impossible things when you speak of Mr. Pontellier setting me free! I am no longer one of Mr. Pontellier's possessions to dispose of or not. I give myself

Sample Agreement Essay

Sample Agreement EssayA sample of an agreement essay is a great way to see what is involved in writing one. It can also be a good guide for those who are just beginning their write-ups. Because it's so similar to what is required for a law school paper, it will give students the benefit of learning about the processes involved without feeling too overwhelmed.The main difference between an agreement essay and a conventional essay is that in this case, the two authors do not agree on everything. The agreement comes first. The draft then follows. One person (the essay writer) tells all the details about the agreement and its subject matter. The other person (the author of the agreement) tells how he thinks the details should be incorporated into the essay.The essence of the agreement must be incorporated in the essay. Both authors are accountable for making sure the arrangement is correct and to make sure that the reader gets a good grasp of it.The first sentence of the agreement must c ontain the very first words. In most cases, the agreement must contain an express statement about the topic of the essay. The reader must know what the agreement is about in the very first sentence. It can include either mentioning the topic of the essay or the topic of the agreement. Either way, it needs to be present.The agreement must be closed by repeating the closing sentence 'and concluded.' This puts the agreement at an end. It must have an ending paragraph that details the dispute, the problem, and the solution. The discussion must be finished with an acknowledgment.If the agreement has been finalized through a formal arbitration or lawsuit, the author must include the detail that gives the agreement legal standing. Both parties are now officially bound to the agreement. The last sentence of the agreement should spell out who will be held responsible if the agreement breaks down.This is a great outline for an agreement sample. After all, people usually read agreements, rathe r than essays. Students who are just starting out may find the draft written above useful. After all, a good starting point is just like any other article, except that it's longer.

17 Possible Career Paths for Biology Majors

17 Possible Career Paths for Biology Majors Are you thinking of getting (or are you in the process of getting) a degree in biology? Fortunately, students who graduate with a degree in biology have more career options than just teaching or going to medical school - although those can be awesome careers, too. 17 Careers for Biology Majors Work for a science magazine. Interested in all kinds of biology? Or maybe just one particular field, like marine biology? Find a cool science magazine you love and see if theyre hiring.Work at a research company. There are some amazing companies out there doing some pretty amazing research. Use your degree and training to get in on the action.Work at a hospital. You dont always have to have a medical degree to work at a hospital. See what options are open for those with a science background.Work at a non-profit focusing on science. You can work for an organization that teaches science to kids or that helps improve the environment. And you can sleep well at night knowing that youre really doing good work all day, every day.Teach! Love biology? You probably do because you had an awesome mentor introduce you to it at some point during your education. Pass that passion on to someone else and make a difference in the lives of kids.Tutor. If full-time teaching isnt your thing, consider tut oring. While science/biology might come easily to you, it doesnt for everyone. Work for the government. Working for the government may not have been what you imagined yourself doing with your degree, but it can be a cool job you enjoy while also helping your country (or state or city or county).Work for an environmental company. It can be a non-profit or a for-profit, but helping  to protect the environment is a great way to put your biology degree to work.Work in agriculture and/or botany. You can work for a company that helps improve farming or one focusing on biomimicry.Work for a science museum. Consider working for a science museum. You can be involved in cool projects, interact with the public, and see all the neat stuff that happens behind the scenes.Work for the zoo. Love animals? Consider working at the zoo and having the kind of job that rarely, if ever, requires the stuffy suit-and-tie routine.Work at a veterinary office. If the zoo isnt your thing, consider working at a veterinary office. You can put your biology degree to work while also having a n interesting, engaging job. Work at a food research company. Many companies need food researchers with a background in science. Jobs like these are definitely non-traditional and super interesting.Work at a pharmaceutical company. If youre interested in medicine but arent sure if medical school is your thing, think about working at a pharmaceutical company. Your background in biology can be put to good use as you work to create products that will improve the lives of many people.Work for a perfume or makeup company. Love makeup and perfume, or at least find them interesting? Those pretty little products have a lot of science behind them - science you can get involved in.Work at a college or university. You dont necessarily need to be a professor or have a doctorate to work at a college or university. See what departments are hiring that can put your training to use.Consider joining the military. The military can be a fantastic place to put your degree in biology to use, continue your training, and help your co untry. Check in with a local recruiting office to see what options are available.

Weak Electrolyte Definition and Examples

Weak Electrolyte Definition and Examples A weak electrolyte is an electrolyte that does not completely dissociate in  aqueous  solution. The solution will contain both ions and molecules of the electrolyte. Weak electrolytes only partially ionize in water (usually 1% to 10%), while strong electrolytes completely ionize (100%).   Weak Electrolyte Examples HC2H3O2 (acetic acid), H2CO3 (carbonic acid), NH3 (ammonia), and H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) are all examples of weak electrolytes. Weak acids and weak bases are weak electrolytes. In contrast, strong acids, strong bases, and salts are strong electrolytes. Note a salt may have low solubility in water, yet still be a strong electrolyte because the amount that does dissolve completely ionizes in water. Acetic Acid as a Weak Electrolyte Whether or not a substance dissolves in water is not the determining factor in its strength as an electrolyte. In other words, dissociation and dissolution are not the same things. For example, acetic acid (the acid found in vinegar) is extremely soluble in water. However, most of the acetic acid remains intact as its original molecule rather than its ionized form, ethanoate (CH3COO-). An equilibrium reaction plays a big role in this. Acetic acid dissolves in water an ionizes into ethanoate and the hydronium ion, but the equilibrium position is to the left (reactants are favored). In other words, when ethanoate and hydronium form, they readily return to acetic acid and water: CH3COOH H2O ⇆ CH3COO- H3O The small amount of product (ethanoate) makes acetic acid a weak electrolyte rather than a strong electrolyte.

India class structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

India class structure - Essay Example The ruling class or the dominant class is the most important and the most benefitted class. The dominant class determines the utilization of the economic surplus and majorly comprises of business bourgeoisie, rich landlords, politicians etc. Lying between these two extremes is the middle class who benefit partially from the growing economy and who also are major contributors to the labor force of the country. Another major important point of difference between the three is their contribution to the working force. The lower classes that provide most of the man power are engaged in physical work whereas the middle classes are engaged in most of the work that involves the government and private sectors and are huge contributors to the economy. The higher classes hold positions of importance but this class particularly contributes much less manpower but are particularly responsible for controlling and management of the other classes below it. The primary factor responsible for the three different class systems in India is determined by the economic surplus and the growing economy of the country and the contributions of each class too depends on the development and fully fledged of the annual

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 8

Research Paper Example Such drive of accountability comes from the quest of integrity from public sector management (Oshisami, 2004). Off late, the government sector is coming into increasing focus because of the rise in number of frauds and inappropriate use of public funds. Such irresponsible behavior on the part of the government has called increased attention to accountability and transparency on the part of auditors and accounting managers in these firms and those associated with such government firms (Banker, Chang & Cunningham, 2003). The paper is aimed at finding out the possible reasons behind ethical issues that auditor experience in government firms over auditing practices. The paper proceeds in two forms of data analysis to support and provide weight to the view. The primary data is collected by means of an interview of 30 auditors belonging to a private audit firm who do audits for government organization. The interviewees were quizzed over various aspects of ethical auditing problems in government firms. The secondary research over the topic was done by means of extensive research through journals, articles and books. The research moved on to identify problem areas in ethical auditing and tries to suggest recommendation for improvement over those. Auditing can be defined as a self-determining examination of books of accounts of an organization done by a designated person which gives a fair view of whether accounts maintained are true and reasonable and also whether they comply with regulatory requirements or not. Audit can be classified into three types of categories. In a recent report, it was found that one of the big four auditing firms, Ernst & Young had reported a flaw in about 48% of its audits revealed by the US government auditing regulators. Such inefficiencies included insufficient tests of their customer’s internal safeguards, failure of identification of revenue

Home Energy Management System

Home Energy Management System 1) INTRODUCTION Network of electricity that intelligently integrates with users actions connected to network for sustainable, economical and secure supply is called smart grid [1]. Smart grid is called smart due to fast communication and networking capabilities. Smart grid has an important role in energy structure adjustment, coping with climate changes and economic development [2]. Since 1982 energy demand during peak hour is increasing 25% approximately every year [3]. New intelligent devices must be used to fulfill energy requirements. In order to add intelligence new technologies are to be developed. Electric intelligence is only requirement for operational cost and energy consumption reduction [4]. These new technologies should be able to remove peak load and off load power difference, should be capable of making demand-supply curve smoother and should reduce environmental pollution. In smart grid user plays a vital role in reducing and optimizing energy consumption thus improving system efficiency. In smart grid emission of CO2 and household energy consumption is reduced by 9% and 10% respectively [5] In order to improve electricity consumption keeping in view of consumer’s need there should be an optimum solution. Different optimization techniques can be used for energy management. Different technologies like home area networks, home automation, advanced metering infrastructure and bidirectional communication are introduced by smart grid during past few years [6]. Now a days Zigbee and sensor networks not only monitors the quality of power but use powerful strategy for communication and distribution and sale locally generated energy back to grid [7] [8]. Demand Side Management (DSM) system is important utilization efficiency parameters which have been ignored due to complex dynamics of consumption, random behavior of consumers and lack of commutation technology. The advancement in communication technology has revolutionized the power sector and introduced a concept of new modernized electrical system called as Smart grid [9] .The concept of demand side management was first introduced in late 1970’s which reduces GHG, provides reliable energy reducing the electricity cost [10]. Traditional grids consists of DSM but do not provide such type of reliability to users due lack of sensors and inefficient automation and communication. But smart grid is more efficient due introduction of low cost sensors, smart meters and integration of ICT [11]. Challenges faced by smart grid is shown below Interoperability is said to satisfy if multiple communication network coexist in smart grid. Scalability means increasing number of hardware’s in proportion to others but due to increase in demand this become a major issue can be solved by using sensing networks. Smart grid holds different communities and societies which become an issue in order to resolve it integration of power system is required which is done with actuation, security and communication networks. Security is main issue in smart grid because a hacker can interrupt the data of smart grid and easily access to smart meters so this issue can be resolve by modernization the security and by data hiding [12]. The smart grid consists of HEMS that enable demand response and demand side management. On the basis of power supply demand response is responsible for altering and managing the energy and demand side management (DSM) controls the planning, techniques and implementation of policies [13]. There are two major schemes of HEMS one is communication and 2nd one is optimization [14]. Home energy management systems consist of three basic functional blocks [15]: HEMS software Home energy management center(HEMC) Load scheduler. HEMC provides customer’s user’s friendly graphical representation which not only provides assistance to customers but also give them control over various loads using load scheduler. HEMC software uses lab view developer tool that provides necessary information to customers using Zigbee protocol. It has two main sectors a) home tab b) data tab. The information load control, line control and on/off control is provided by home tab on/off control use in switching sequence and its major application is that it is used to detect any abnormality in hardware. The data logging of current and voltage with in time is represented by data tab. Load scheduler considers the bundle of single knapsack known as multiple knapsacks due to which customers become aware of peak load at specific time and interval of occurrence. A load scheduler not only determines the critical and non-critical loads but also time dependent loads. In emergency conditions it also controls various loads. This also stores data of electricity consumption 24/7. Energy management is an organized and systematic coordination of procurement, conversion, distribution and use of energy to meet the requirements, taking into account environmental and economic objectives [16]. Energy management systems are computer aided tools that are used by operators of utility grid for controlling, monitoring and optimizing the generation and transmission system performance. In efficient energy consumption the participation of end user is as much important as the supplier. In modern power supply systems end users’ are provided with RT-feedback (real-time feedback) via different website portals, in-home displays (IHD), or some other feedback viewer device like mobile etc. [17]. Provision of feedback to end user will motivate them to alter their energy usage to minimize the electricity bills. In present smart grid system end users’ are forced for shifting their energy usage on peak to off peak hours regardless of their comfort and life style [17]. All over the world major portion of energy is consumed by residential users, so they can play an important role for energy optimization. Research shows that energy consumption is minimized by 12% by installing energy consumption information system and displays energy consumption of whole unit [18]. Due to advancement in technology the industries has become advance due to which energy demand increases which results in load shedding and blackouts and use of fossil fuel is increases which will finish soon. Now world is going toward non-conventional energy resources like solar and photovoltaic cells but in order to provide information regarding to electricity to customers the smart hems use analogue and digital systems which is an efficient methodology. Home energy management systems play a fantastic role in distribution of energy via conventional grid and homes optimistically. With increasing demand of energy the communication in wired as well as in wireless medium is increased. Internet connection and intranet connection is makes low cost smart homes. Zigbee is one of the devices that uses for communication between smart homes and smart grid. Zigbee alliance introduced Zigbee standard protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard set by IEEE and new standard committee (NESCOM) for low rates wireless personal area network [15]. Zigbee consists of four layers. Zigbee Zigbee alliance platform IEEE 802.15.4 There is a great difference between energy production and consumption, low production cause deficiency of electricity supply. World energy production pie chart is shown as There are many optimization techniques that are used for optimization one of which is knapsack. In knapsack there are many algorithms used for obtaining the best optimized result. In this paper we will make comparative study of some algorithms of knapsack and we will find the best solution obtained from these algorithms. Comparison of different home energy management schemes: Optimization based residential energy management: It is the linear programming model basic purpose of this model is minimization of electricity cost at residential areas [1]. In this scheme a day of 24 hours is divided into equal time slots having equal lengths consists of various prices of electricity like time of use (TOU) tariffs. The objective function shows that with proper scheduling we can reduce the energy expenses by division of home appliances in time slots. Objective function is defined as EI DI Ut St Where I define number of appliances, E defines energy consumption of appliance, J number of days, DI length of cycle of appliance, K number of requests, Ut unit price for slot t and T number of time slots. IN home energy management (iHEM): This scheme use smart appliances like energy management unit (EMU) and wireless sensor home area network (WSHANs) for communication purposes between appliances (IHEMS). It also uses (Zigbee) protocol, wireless sensor networks and cluster tree topology. In this scheme customer may turn on appliance at any moment without being worried about peak hours. In home energy management (iHEM) gives suitable time to customer for appliance use. How iHEM works a request package is sent by appliance to EMU at the start, on receiving the packet EMU communicates with storage system in order to know available energy. Energy management unit (EMU) than communicates with smart meter for current prices. The storage unit send available reply containing information about storage energy when EMU receives packet, it schedules the suitable start time according to iHEM algorithm. It also reduces the carbon emission and energy consumption cost. 2) KNAPSACK: The single knapsack is a problem of combinatorial optimization having objects, values and weights packed into knapsack of specific capacity such that value of object is maximized [19] .The multiple knapsack is generalization of single knapsack problem it is resource allocation problem consists of M resources and set of N objects [19]- [20]. Knapsack problem is basically an items set that have different weights and values. Our choice of item must be in such a way that it should be maximum among the weights of given items. Knapsack allows community to use energy efficiently in order to achieve their goals. It not only minimizes the customer bills but force them to use their heavy appliances other than peak hours. It is estimated that energy demands overall around the world increasing 25 percent per year so its great challenge for us to fulfill the demand [21]. In order to overcome the increasing demand of energy we need to optimize energy usage. Knapsack is one of the optimization technique used for optimizing a problem. 2.1) Types of Knapsack: There are different types of knapsack which are as 1) 0-1Knapsack problem. 2) Bounded Knapsack problem. 3) Unbounded Knapsack problem. 2.1.1) 0-1 Knapsack problem (binary Knapsack): In such case the item is either taken or not taken (accepted / rejected) there are no other possibilities. Suppose a set of ’n’ items having different weights and values say ‘wi’ and ‘vi’, xi is the number of copies of item of set ‘n’. In mathematical form: Maximize ixi Subject to i xi ≠¤ W Here Xi {0, 1} 2.1.2) Bounded Knapsack Problem: In bounded knapsack problem restriction on xi is removed i.e. xi is an integer value in BKP. In BKP restriction is applied on copies of each item of set ‘n’ to some integer value say ‘ci’. Mathematically: Maximize ixi Subject to i xi ≠¤ WHere xi {0, 1†¦ ci} 2.1.3) Unbounded Knapsack Problem: In unbounded knapsack problem no restriction is applied on xi. Mathematically: Maximize ixi Subject to i xi ≠¤ WHere xi ≠¥ 0. 2.2) Algorithms for Knapsack: There are many algorithms for solving 0-1 knapsack problems which are as [22]: 2.2.1) Brute Force: It is a straight forward approach based on statement of problem and concepts’ definition. If there are n items that can be chosen from a set of given items then there will be 2n possible combination of items for knapsack. There is a bit string of 0’s and 1’s, if the string is 1 of an item then it is chosen if 0 then not chosen. 2.2.2) Dynamic Programming: It is a technique in which a complex problem is divided into smaller sub problems. These sub-problems are then solved and are recorded in table. Thus table obtain is utilize to solve original problem. The complexity of this algorithm is O (NlogN). 2.2.3) Greedy Algorithm: This algorithm requires some common sense and problem solving experience for solving problem. It’s a decision making process which may have following steps: 1) Choosing such item that has maximum value in knapsack. 2) Choose item with less weight. 3) Choose item with high value to weight ratio. 2.2.4) Genetic Algorithm: It is an algorithm used to search best solution among different possible solution of a problem. It begins with a solution set and each set is called population. A new population is made from old population by selecting them according to certain specified fitness level. 3) Appliance Usage Control: In [23] consumption of electricity is not always rational it also depends on human psychology factors. Different people use different appliances at different time slots. Now if we consider some appliances we can classify them into following categories: 1) Must Run Appliances: Appliances whose time slot cannot be changed and they must run comes in this category. 2) Fixed Run Appliances: Appliances that run only once a day at specific time. 3) Flexible Appliances: Appliances that can be run at any time in a day they don’t have fixed time. Some of the household devices are shown below: Oven LampRefrigerator Fan Considering human psychology factor the use of appliances can be categorize as: 1) Emergency Use: Appliances that use in some sort of emergency. 2) Welfare: Appliances that use for welfare 3) Enjoyment: Appliances that use for enjoyment purpose. Taking an example of personnel computer that is used by student for his working purpose or for emergency while an adult use it for enjoyment purpose. In order to make decision on which appliance should be used during peak hour follows analytic hierarchy process. Bibliography